List of Figures x

List of Maps xiii

Notes on Contributors xiv

Acknowledgments xix

Abbreviations xxi

Maps xxviii

1 Roman Religion - Religions of Rome 1
Jörg Rüpke

2 Approaching Roman Religion: The Case for Wissenschaftsgeschichte 10
C. Robert Phillips, III

Part I Changes 29

3 The Religion of Archaic Rome 31
Christopher Smith

4 Pre-Roman Italy, Before and Under the Romans 43
Olivier de Cazanove

5 Urban Religion in the Middle and Late Republic 58
Eric Orlin

6 Continuity and Change: Religion in the Augustan Semi-Century 71
Karl Galinsky

7 Religions and the Integration of Cities in the Empire in the Second Century ad: The Creation of a Common Religious Language 83
William Van Andringa

8 Old Religions Transformed: Religions and Religious Policy from Decius to Constantine 96
Hartmut Leppin

9 Religious Koine and Religious Dissent in the Fourth Century 109
Michele Renee Salzman

Part II Media 127

10 The History of Roman Religion in Roman Historiography and Epic 129
Denis Feeney

11 Religion and Roman Coins 143
Jonathan Williams

12 Reliefs, Public and Private 164
Katja Moede

13 Inscriptions as Sources of Knowledge for Religions and Cults in the Roman World of Imperial Times 176
Rudolf Haensch

14 Religion in the House 188
Annemarie Kaufmann-Heinimann

Part III Symbols and Practices 203

15 Roman Cult Sites: A Pragmatic Approach 205
Ulrike Egelhaaf-Gaiser

16 Complex Rituals: Games and Processions in Republican Rome 222
Frank Bernstein

17 Performing the Sacred: Prayers and Hymns 235
Frances Hickson Hahn

18 Music and Dance: Forms of Representation in Pictorial and Written Sources 249
Friederike Fless and Katja Moede

19 Sacrifices for Gods and Ancestors 263
John Scheid

Part IV Actors and Actions 273

20 Religious Actors in Daily Life: Practices and Related Beliefs 275
Nicole Belayche

21 Republican Nobiles: Controlling the Res Publica 292
Veit Rosenberger

22 Emperors: Caring for the Empire and Their Successors 304
Peter Herz

23 Urban Elites in the Roman East: Enhancing Regional Positions and Social Superiority 317
Athanasios Rizakis

24 Living on Religion: Professionals and Personnel 331
Marietta Horster

Part V Different Religious Identities 343

25 Roman Diaspora Judaism 345
Jack N. Lightstone

26 Creating One's Own Religion: Intellectual Choices 378
Attilio Mastrocinque

27 Institutionalized Religious Options: Mithraism 392
Richard Gordon

28 The Romanness of Roman Christianity 406
Stefan Heid

Part VI Roman Religion Outside and Seen from Outside 427

29 Exporting Roman Religion 429
Clifford Ando

30 Religion in the Roman East 446
Ted Kaizer

31 Roman Religion in the Vision of Tertullian 457
Cecilia Ames

Bibliography 472

General Index 511

Index of Personal Names 526

Index of Places 537