Contributing authors; Acknowledgments; Notational standards; 1. Introduction Ulf Dieckmann, Johan A. J. Metz, Michael Doebeli and Diethard Tautz; 2. Speciation in historical perspective Will Provine; Part I. Theories of Speciation: Introduction to Part I; 3. Genetic theories of sympatric speciation Tadesusz J. Kawecki; 4. Adaptive dynamics of speciation: ecological underpinnings Stefan A. H. Geritz, Éva Kisdi, Géza Meszéna and Johan A. J. Metz; 5. Adaptive dynamics of speciation: sexual populations Ulf Dieckmann and Michael Doebeli; 6. Genetic theories of allopatric and parapatric speciation Sergey Gavrilets; 7. Adaptive dynamics of speciation: spatial structure Michael Doebeli and Ulf Dieckmann; Part II. Ecological Mechanisms of Speciation: Introduction to Part II; 8. Speciation and radiation in African haplochromine cichlids Jacques J. M. van Alphen, Ole Seehausen and Frietson Galis; 9. Natural selection and ecological speciation in sticklebacks Howard D. Rundle and Dolph Schluter; 10. Adaptive speciation in northern freshwater fishes Sigurður S. Snorrason and Skúli Skúlason; 11. Sympatric speciation in insects Guy L. Bush and Roger K. Butlin; 12. Adaptive speciation in agricultural pests Martijn Egas, Maurice W. Sabelis, Filipa Vala and Iza Lesna; 13. Ecological speciation in flowering plants Nickolas M. Waser and Diane R. Campbell; 14. Experiments on adaptation and divergence in bacterial populations Michael Travisano; Part III. Patterns of Speciation: Introduction to Part III; 15. Phylogeography and patterns of incipient speciation Diethard Tautz; 16. Evolutionary diversification of Caribbean anolis lizards J. B. Losos, R. S. Thorpe, A. Malhotra, A. Stenson and J. T. Reardon; 17. Adaptive radiation of African montane plants Eric B. Knox; 18. Diversity and speciation of semionotid fishes in Mesozoic rift lakes Amy R. McCune; 19. Epilogue Ulf Dieckmann, Diethard Tautz, Michael Doebeli and Johan A. J. Metz; References; Index.