Stephen J. Lee

Introduction, 1. The Origins of the French Revolution, 2. The Course of the French Revolution, 3. The Reforms of Napoleon I, 4. The Fall of Napoleon I, 5. The Concert of Europe 1815-48, 6. Metternich and the Austrian Empire 1815-48, 7. The Revolutions of 1848-9, 8. The Impact of the Crimean War on European Diplomacy, 9. Cavour, Garibaldi and the Unification of Italy, 10. The Unification of Germany, 11. The Reforms of Alexander II, 12. The Collapse of the Second French Empire, 13. Bismarck and the German Political Parties 1871-90, 14. The Survival of the Third French Republic 1870-1914, 15. German Foreign Policy 1871-1914, 16. The Outbreak of the First World War, 17. The Collapse of Austria-Hungary and the Problems of the Successor States, 18. The Last Years of Tsarist Russia, 19. The Bolshevik Seizure and Retention of Power 1917-24, 20. Two Views of the Terms of the Treaty of Versailles, 21. Mussolini, 22. The Great Depression, 23. Hitler's Rise to Power and the Nazi Revolution, 24. German Foreign Policy 1918-39, 25. Soviet Foreign Policy 1918-41, 26. The League of Nations, 27. The Spanish Civil War, 28. The Contradictions of the Third French Republic 1918-40, 29. The Soviet Economy 1917-80, 30. The Defeat of Nazi Germany, 31. The Cold War to 1980, 32. Economic and Political Integration in Western Europe 1945-80, 33. Nationalism, 34. Marxism and its Manifestations to 1980, 35. Imperialism, 36. Decolonization, Notes, Bibliography