Arnold Washton, PhD, is an addiction psychologist in private practice at Recovery Options in New York City and Princeton, New Jersey. Specializing in the treatment of alcohol and drug abuse since 1975, he was among the first clinicians to identify the emerging cocaine epidemic in the early 1980s and to establish specialized treatment programs for cocaine abusers. He has served as substance abuse advisor to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the White House Office on Drug Abuse Policy, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the U.S. State Department, professional sports teams, major corporations, foreign governments, and subcommittees of the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of Representatives, and the New York State Senate.