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Criminology For Dummies
Taschenbuch von Steven Briggs
Sprache: Englisch

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Beschreibung
Explore the world of crime and punishment

Police, forensics, and detective stories dominate our TV screens and bookshelves--from fictional portrayals such as Silence of the Lambs and Law and Order to lurid accounts of real-life super-criminals like Pablo Escobar and Al Capone. As well as being horribly fascinating, knowledge of what makes criminals tick is crucial to governments, who spend billions of dollars each year trying to keep their people safe. Criminology brings disciplines like psychology, biology, and economics together to help police and society solve crimes--and to prevent them before they even happen.

The new edition of Criminology For Dummies shines a light into the dark recesses of the criminal mind and goes behind-the-scenes with society's response to crime, putting you right on the mean streets with cops and criminals alike. Along the way, you'll learn everything a rookie needs to survive, including basic definitions of what a crime is and how it's measured; common criminal motivations, thinking, and traits; elementary crime-solving techniques; the effects on and rights of victims; and more.
* Understand types of crime, from white-collar to organized to terror attacks
* Follow law-enforcement officials and agencies as they hunt the bad guys
* Meet key players in criminal justice and see how and why the guilty are punished
* Check out jobs in the field

Whether you plan to enter the criminal justice field or just want to know more about what turns some people to the dark side--and how the thin blue line fights back--this is your perfect guide to criminology basics.
Explore the world of crime and punishment

Police, forensics, and detective stories dominate our TV screens and bookshelves--from fictional portrayals such as Silence of the Lambs and Law and Order to lurid accounts of real-life super-criminals like Pablo Escobar and Al Capone. As well as being horribly fascinating, knowledge of what makes criminals tick is crucial to governments, who spend billions of dollars each year trying to keep their people safe. Criminology brings disciplines like psychology, biology, and economics together to help police and society solve crimes--and to prevent them before they even happen.

The new edition of Criminology For Dummies shines a light into the dark recesses of the criminal mind and goes behind-the-scenes with society's response to crime, putting you right on the mean streets with cops and criminals alike. Along the way, you'll learn everything a rookie needs to survive, including basic definitions of what a crime is and how it's measured; common criminal motivations, thinking, and traits; elementary crime-solving techniques; the effects on and rights of victims; and more.
* Understand types of crime, from white-collar to organized to terror attacks
* Follow law-enforcement officials and agencies as they hunt the bad guys
* Meet key players in criminal justice and see how and why the guilty are punished
* Check out jobs in the field

Whether you plan to enter the criminal justice field or just want to know more about what turns some people to the dark side--and how the thin blue line fights back--this is your perfect guide to criminology basics.
Über den Autor

Steven Briggs is a nationally recognized expert on crime. He has worked in the judicial and executive branches of government, prosecuted cases at the local, state, and federal level, and run a statewide law enforcement agency. He has lectured internationally on a variety of criminal justice topics, and in his spare time is an award-winning writer of crime fiction.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Introduction 1

About This Book 1

Foolish Assumptions 3

Icons Used in This Book 3

Beyond the Book 4

Where to Go from Here 4

Part 1: Defining and Measuring Crime 5

Chapter 1: Entering the World of Crime 7

Defining the Terms: What Crime Is and How You Measure It 7

Identifying elements of criminal behavior 8

Gathering crime statistics 9

Recognizing the Various Costs of Crime 9

Noting the financial impact 9

Respecting the price a victim pays 10

Considering Categories of Crime 11

Studying individual crimes 11

Focusing on organized crime 12

Spotlighting terrorism 13

Figuring Out What Makes Someone Commit a Crime 14

Making a rational decision 14

Pointing the finger at society 14

Blaming mental and physical defects 15

Waging a War against Crime 16

Policing the streets 16

Getting the feds involved 16

Working together in task forces 17

Bringing Criminals to Justice 17

Prosecuting crime 18

Determining punishment 18

Giving juveniles special attention 19

Chapter 2: What Is Crime? 21

Understanding the Two Categories of Criminal Activity 22

Violating natural laws: Acts that are inherently bad 22

Violating manmade laws: Acts that aren't inherently bad 22

Identifying Elements of a Criminal Law 24

Distinguishing civil from criminal law 24

Defining felonies and misdemeanors 25

Requiring a physical act 26

Having a guilty mind 27

Linking Criminal Behavior to Cultural Mores 28

Understanding that crimes change over time 28

Recognizing the impact of location 29

Realizing that politics play a role 30

Chapter 3: How Crime Is Measured and Why It Matters 33

Gathering Crime Stats: How Much Crime Is There? 34

Relying on crime reports 34

Tallying the number of arrests 35

Spotlighting unreported crime: Victimization surveys 37

Accepting the shortcomings of crime statistics 38

Putting Crime Stats to Use 38

Considering the Costs of Crime 40

Funding the justice system 40

Measuring the costs to society and victims 42

Chapter 4: Helping Those in the Wake of Crime: Victims 45

Looking at the Historical Treatment of Victims 46

Identifying the Impact of Crime on Victims 46

Physical scars 47

Emotional effects 47

Economic loss 48

Pinpointing Who Is Likely to Be Victimized 48

Considering personal characteristics 48

Taking a look at theories of victimization 49

Expanding Victim Services in the 21st Century 50

Crime victim compensation 51

Support of victim advocates 52

Direct help from private, nonprofit groups 53

Observing the Laws That Protect Victims' Rights 54

Invoking victims' rights 54

Enforcing victims' rights 55

Part 2: Identifying Types of Crime 57

Chapter 5: Getting Violent: Crimes of Force 59

Identifying Types of Violent Crimes 59

Defining Homicide 60

Murder 60

Manslaughter 62

Negligent homicide 63

Assisting a suicide 63

Attacking or Threatening Someone: Assault and Battery 64

Vehicular assault 65

Spousal assault 65

Child abuse 67

Forcing Sexual Contact: Rape, Sodomy, and Child Molestation 68

Rape and sodomy 68

Child molestation 69

Taking Property under the Threat of Violence: Robbery 71

Kidnapping 72

Pinpointing Causes of Violence 73

Struggling with drugs and alcohol 74

Feeling the lasting effects of family troubles 75

Suffering from mental problems 76

Being influenced by society 77

Making a personal choice 77

Chapter 6: Hitting You in the Pocketbook: Property Crimes 79

Categorizing Types of Theft 80

Shoplifting 80

Scamming people out of their money 81

Taking personal and credit card information: Identity theft 83

Stealing autos 85

Breaking and entering: Burglary 86

Defining Property Damage 88

Sending up smoke signals: Committing arson 88

Leaving your mark: Vandalizing property 89

Looking at the Causes of Property Crime 89

Wrestling with addiction 89

Making a career choice 91

Being drawn to bright and shiny objects 92

Battling kleptomania 92

Chapter 7: Dressing Sharp and Stealing Big: White-Collar Crimes 93

Identifying Types of White-Collar Crime 94

Stealing from the boss: Embezzlement 94

Evading taxes 95

Selling phony investments: Securities fraud 96

Dumping waste and endangering employees: Environmental crime 97

Cheating business and service clients 98

Cheating consumers: False advertising and price fixing 99

Mixing politics and crime 100

The Challenges of Investigating White-Collar Crime 101

Measuring the costs (in time and money) 101

Facing a dearth of financial investigators 102

Prosecuting and Punishing White-Collar Crime 103

Equating good suits with good verdicts 103

Testing the limits of corporate liability 104

Making punishments fit the crimes 105

Chapter 8: A Group Effort: Organized Crime and Gangs 107

Grasping the Basics of Organized Crime 107

Obsessing over the Italian Mafia 108

Tracing the growth and decline of the Sicilian mob 108

Recognizing the Mafia's impact on public policy 110

Identifying Other Ethnic-Based Organized Crime Groups 111

Looking at What Organized Crime Groups Do 112

Selling narcotics 112

Marketing counterfeit and pirated products 113

Committing fraud 114

Loan sharking 116

Extorting money 116

Committing violence to support the "business" 117

Laundering money 117

Fighting Organized Crime 118

Overcoming jurisdictional boundaries: Task forces 119

Proving conspiracy 119

Setting up wiretaps 120

Relying on informants 121

Going undercover 123

Taking back the money: Forfeiture 123

Getting an Inside Scoop on Criminal Gangs 124

Youth and street gangs 124

Motorcycle gangs 127

Prison gangs 129

Chapter 9: Tackling a Worldwide Problem: The Narcotics Trade 131

The Global Workings of Dealing Drugs 132

Making drugs illegal 132

Growing plants for the drug trade 133

Mixing chemicals for the drug trade 136

Moving dope to your neighborhood 139

Treating Drug Users 142

Examining types of treatment 143

Using drug courts 144

Shifting treatment goals 144

Working to Prevent Drug Abuse 145

Educating in school 145

Testing for drugs 146

Monitoring prescription drugs 146

Chapter 10: Front-Page News: Terrorism 147

Structuring Terrorist Threats 148

Striking as an organization 148

Acting alone 149

Recognizing Types of Terrorist Threats in the U.S. 149

Right-wing threats 149

Left-wing threats 151

Religious threats 152

Acting Out of Hate: Distinguishing Hate Crimes 155

Fighting Back against Terrorism 156

Reducing terrorist motivation 156

Eliminating operational capability: Defunding terrorists 157

Joining forces to combat terrorism 158

Part 3: Figuring Out Who Commits Crimes and Why 161

Chapter 11: What Factors Lead to Crime? 163

Noting Personal Characteristics That Many Criminals Share 163

Age: Is crime a young person's game? 164

Gender: Why do men take first place in crime? 166

Income: Does less money in your pocket lead to more crime? 166

Race: Does skin color influence criminality, or is racism to blame? 168

Education: Do higher degrees equal lower crime rates? 172

Religious affiliation: Are there benefits of practicing a faith? 172

Looking at the Impact of Societal Conditions on Crime 173

Pop culture: Is violence inspired through entertainment and games? 173

A bad economy: Does recession lead to crime? 173

Your Zip code: Do regional differences affect crime rates? 174

Studying the Impact of Atmospheric Changes 177

Chapter 12: Regarding Crime as a Rational Decision: Rational Choice Theory 179

Taking a Quick Tour through Classical Theory 180

Calculating the Benefits and Drawbacks of Crime 181

Analyzing risks and rewards 181

Choosing the type and place of crime 183

Factoring in personality and skills 183

Meeting the offender's needs 184

Creating Rational Deterrents to Crime 184

Running the risk of being caught (and punished) 185

Increasing the severity of punishment 186

Aiming for speedy punishment 187

Preventing the rewards 188

Examining the Limits of Rational Choice Theory 189

Considering humans who behave irrationally 189

Seeing how crime often pays 191

Dealing with the values gap 191

Chapter 13: Looking at Society's Role in Crime 193

Introducing Social Disorganization Theory 194

Studying Strain Theory 194

Anomie theory 195

General strain theory 195

Institutional anomie theory 196

Subculture theories 197

Considering Social Learning Theories 198

Differential association theory 198

Techniques of neutralization theory 199

Delving into Social Control Theories 200

Containment theory 200

Social bond theory 201

...
Details
Erscheinungsjahr: 2021
Fachbereich: Strafrecht
Genre: Importe, Recht
Produktart: Nachschlagewerke
Rubrik: Recht & Wirtschaft
Medium: Taschenbuch
Reihe: For Dummies
Inhalt: 416 S.
ISBN-13: 9781119773191
ISBN-10: 1119773199
Sprache: Englisch
Herstellernummer: 1W119773190
Einband: Kartoniert / Broschiert
Autor: Briggs, Steven
Auflage: 2. Auflage
Hersteller: Wiley John + Sons
Maße: 231 x 189 x 33 mm
Von/Mit: Steven Briggs
Erscheinungsdatum: 01.07.2021
Gewicht: 0,566 kg
Artikel-ID: 119088742
Über den Autor

Steven Briggs is a nationally recognized expert on crime. He has worked in the judicial and executive branches of government, prosecuted cases at the local, state, and federal level, and run a statewide law enforcement agency. He has lectured internationally on a variety of criminal justice topics, and in his spare time is an award-winning writer of crime fiction.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Introduction 1

About This Book 1

Foolish Assumptions 3

Icons Used in This Book 3

Beyond the Book 4

Where to Go from Here 4

Part 1: Defining and Measuring Crime 5

Chapter 1: Entering the World of Crime 7

Defining the Terms: What Crime Is and How You Measure It 7

Identifying elements of criminal behavior 8

Gathering crime statistics 9

Recognizing the Various Costs of Crime 9

Noting the financial impact 9

Respecting the price a victim pays 10

Considering Categories of Crime 11

Studying individual crimes 11

Focusing on organized crime 12

Spotlighting terrorism 13

Figuring Out What Makes Someone Commit a Crime 14

Making a rational decision 14

Pointing the finger at society 14

Blaming mental and physical defects 15

Waging a War against Crime 16

Policing the streets 16

Getting the feds involved 16

Working together in task forces 17

Bringing Criminals to Justice 17

Prosecuting crime 18

Determining punishment 18

Giving juveniles special attention 19

Chapter 2: What Is Crime? 21

Understanding the Two Categories of Criminal Activity 22

Violating natural laws: Acts that are inherently bad 22

Violating manmade laws: Acts that aren't inherently bad 22

Identifying Elements of a Criminal Law 24

Distinguishing civil from criminal law 24

Defining felonies and misdemeanors 25

Requiring a physical act 26

Having a guilty mind 27

Linking Criminal Behavior to Cultural Mores 28

Understanding that crimes change over time 28

Recognizing the impact of location 29

Realizing that politics play a role 30

Chapter 3: How Crime Is Measured and Why It Matters 33

Gathering Crime Stats: How Much Crime Is There? 34

Relying on crime reports 34

Tallying the number of arrests 35

Spotlighting unreported crime: Victimization surveys 37

Accepting the shortcomings of crime statistics 38

Putting Crime Stats to Use 38

Considering the Costs of Crime 40

Funding the justice system 40

Measuring the costs to society and victims 42

Chapter 4: Helping Those in the Wake of Crime: Victims 45

Looking at the Historical Treatment of Victims 46

Identifying the Impact of Crime on Victims 46

Physical scars 47

Emotional effects 47

Economic loss 48

Pinpointing Who Is Likely to Be Victimized 48

Considering personal characteristics 48

Taking a look at theories of victimization 49

Expanding Victim Services in the 21st Century 50

Crime victim compensation 51

Support of victim advocates 52

Direct help from private, nonprofit groups 53

Observing the Laws That Protect Victims' Rights 54

Invoking victims' rights 54

Enforcing victims' rights 55

Part 2: Identifying Types of Crime 57

Chapter 5: Getting Violent: Crimes of Force 59

Identifying Types of Violent Crimes 59

Defining Homicide 60

Murder 60

Manslaughter 62

Negligent homicide 63

Assisting a suicide 63

Attacking or Threatening Someone: Assault and Battery 64

Vehicular assault 65

Spousal assault 65

Child abuse 67

Forcing Sexual Contact: Rape, Sodomy, and Child Molestation 68

Rape and sodomy 68

Child molestation 69

Taking Property under the Threat of Violence: Robbery 71

Kidnapping 72

Pinpointing Causes of Violence 73

Struggling with drugs and alcohol 74

Feeling the lasting effects of family troubles 75

Suffering from mental problems 76

Being influenced by society 77

Making a personal choice 77

Chapter 6: Hitting You in the Pocketbook: Property Crimes 79

Categorizing Types of Theft 80

Shoplifting 80

Scamming people out of their money 81

Taking personal and credit card information: Identity theft 83

Stealing autos 85

Breaking and entering: Burglary 86

Defining Property Damage 88

Sending up smoke signals: Committing arson 88

Leaving your mark: Vandalizing property 89

Looking at the Causes of Property Crime 89

Wrestling with addiction 89

Making a career choice 91

Being drawn to bright and shiny objects 92

Battling kleptomania 92

Chapter 7: Dressing Sharp and Stealing Big: White-Collar Crimes 93

Identifying Types of White-Collar Crime 94

Stealing from the boss: Embezzlement 94

Evading taxes 95

Selling phony investments: Securities fraud 96

Dumping waste and endangering employees: Environmental crime 97

Cheating business and service clients 98

Cheating consumers: False advertising and price fixing 99

Mixing politics and crime 100

The Challenges of Investigating White-Collar Crime 101

Measuring the costs (in time and money) 101

Facing a dearth of financial investigators 102

Prosecuting and Punishing White-Collar Crime 103

Equating good suits with good verdicts 103

Testing the limits of corporate liability 104

Making punishments fit the crimes 105

Chapter 8: A Group Effort: Organized Crime and Gangs 107

Grasping the Basics of Organized Crime 107

Obsessing over the Italian Mafia 108

Tracing the growth and decline of the Sicilian mob 108

Recognizing the Mafia's impact on public policy 110

Identifying Other Ethnic-Based Organized Crime Groups 111

Looking at What Organized Crime Groups Do 112

Selling narcotics 112

Marketing counterfeit and pirated products 113

Committing fraud 114

Loan sharking 116

Extorting money 116

Committing violence to support the "business" 117

Laundering money 117

Fighting Organized Crime 118

Overcoming jurisdictional boundaries: Task forces 119

Proving conspiracy 119

Setting up wiretaps 120

Relying on informants 121

Going undercover 123

Taking back the money: Forfeiture 123

Getting an Inside Scoop on Criminal Gangs 124

Youth and street gangs 124

Motorcycle gangs 127

Prison gangs 129

Chapter 9: Tackling a Worldwide Problem: The Narcotics Trade 131

The Global Workings of Dealing Drugs 132

Making drugs illegal 132

Growing plants for the drug trade 133

Mixing chemicals for the drug trade 136

Moving dope to your neighborhood 139

Treating Drug Users 142

Examining types of treatment 143

Using drug courts 144

Shifting treatment goals 144

Working to Prevent Drug Abuse 145

Educating in school 145

Testing for drugs 146

Monitoring prescription drugs 146

Chapter 10: Front-Page News: Terrorism 147

Structuring Terrorist Threats 148

Striking as an organization 148

Acting alone 149

Recognizing Types of Terrorist Threats in the U.S. 149

Right-wing threats 149

Left-wing threats 151

Religious threats 152

Acting Out of Hate: Distinguishing Hate Crimes 155

Fighting Back against Terrorism 156

Reducing terrorist motivation 156

Eliminating operational capability: Defunding terrorists 157

Joining forces to combat terrorism 158

Part 3: Figuring Out Who Commits Crimes and Why 161

Chapter 11: What Factors Lead to Crime? 163

Noting Personal Characteristics That Many Criminals Share 163

Age: Is crime a young person's game? 164

Gender: Why do men take first place in crime? 166

Income: Does less money in your pocket lead to more crime? 166

Race: Does skin color influence criminality, or is racism to blame? 168

Education: Do higher degrees equal lower crime rates? 172

Religious affiliation: Are there benefits of practicing a faith? 172

Looking at the Impact of Societal Conditions on Crime 173

Pop culture: Is violence inspired through entertainment and games? 173

A bad economy: Does recession lead to crime? 173

Your Zip code: Do regional differences affect crime rates? 174

Studying the Impact of Atmospheric Changes 177

Chapter 12: Regarding Crime as a Rational Decision: Rational Choice Theory 179

Taking a Quick Tour through Classical Theory 180

Calculating the Benefits and Drawbacks of Crime 181

Analyzing risks and rewards 181

Choosing the type and place of crime 183

Factoring in personality and skills 183

Meeting the offender's needs 184

Creating Rational Deterrents to Crime 184

Running the risk of being caught (and punished) 185

Increasing the severity of punishment 186

Aiming for speedy punishment 187

Preventing the rewards 188

Examining the Limits of Rational Choice Theory 189

Considering humans who behave irrationally 189

Seeing how crime often pays 191

Dealing with the values gap 191

Chapter 13: Looking at Society's Role in Crime 193

Introducing Social Disorganization Theory 194

Studying Strain Theory 194

Anomie theory 195

General strain theory 195

Institutional anomie theory 196

Subculture theories 197

Considering Social Learning Theories 198

Differential association theory 198

Techniques of neutralization theory 199

Delving into Social Control Theories 200

Containment theory 200

Social bond theory 201

...
Details
Erscheinungsjahr: 2021
Fachbereich: Strafrecht
Genre: Importe, Recht
Produktart: Nachschlagewerke
Rubrik: Recht & Wirtschaft
Medium: Taschenbuch
Reihe: For Dummies
Inhalt: 416 S.
ISBN-13: 9781119773191
ISBN-10: 1119773199
Sprache: Englisch
Herstellernummer: 1W119773190
Einband: Kartoniert / Broschiert
Autor: Briggs, Steven
Auflage: 2. Auflage
Hersteller: Wiley John + Sons
Maße: 231 x 189 x 33 mm
Von/Mit: Steven Briggs
Erscheinungsdatum: 01.07.2021
Gewicht: 0,566 kg
Artikel-ID: 119088742
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