PART 1: BRAIN

Section 1: Pathology-Based Diagnoses

CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS

4 Approach to Brain Malformations
Luke L. Linscott, MD

HINDBRAIN MALFORMATIONS

8 Dandy-Walker Continuum
Usha D. Nagaraj, MD
12 Rhombencephalosynapsis
Luke L. Linscott, MD, Blaise V. Jones, MD, and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
16 Unclassified Cerebellar Dysplasias
Usha D. Nagaraj, MD and Blaise V. Jones, MD
18 Molar Tooth Malformations (Joubert)
Luke L. Linscott, MD
22 Cerebellar Hypoplasia
Usha D. Nagaraj, MD

DISORDERS OF DIVERTICULATION/CLEAVAGE

26 Holoprosencephaly
Luke L. Linscott, MD
30 Syntelencephaly (Middle Interhemispheric Variant)
Luke L. Linscott, MD
34 Septo-Optic Dysplasia
Luke L. Linscott, MD
38 Commissural Abnormalities
Luke L. Linscott, MD

MALFORMATIONS OF CORTICAL DEVELOPMENT

42 Congenital Microcephaly
Kevin R. Moore, MD
46 Congenital Muscular Dystrophy
Usha D. Nagaraj, MD
50 Heterotopic Gray Matter
Luke L. Linscott, MD
52 Polymicrogyria
Luke L. Linscott, MD
56 Focal Cortical Dysplasia
Luke L. Linscott, MD
58 Lissencephaly
Usha D. Nagaraj, MD
60 Schizencephaly
Luke L. Linscott, MD
64 Hemimegalencephaly
Usha D. Nagaraj, MD

FAMILIAL TUMOR/NEUROCUTANEOUS SYNDROMES

66 Neurofibromatosis Type 1, Brain
Luke L. Linscott, MD
70 Neurofibromatosis Type 2, Brain
Luke L. Linscott, MD
74 von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
78 Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
Luke L. Linscott, MD
82 Sturge-Weber Syndrome
Luke L. Linscott, MD
86 Meningioangiomatosis
Kevin R. Moore, MD
88 Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome
Luke L. Linscott, MD
92 Neurocutaneous Melanosis
Luke L. Linscott, MD
96 Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
100 Encephalocraniocutaneous Lipomatosis
Luke L. Linscott, MD

TRAUMA

104 Neonatal Subpial Hemorrhage
Kevin R. Moore, MD
108 Epidural Hematoma, Classic
Kevin R. Moore, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
112 Acute Subdural Hematoma
Kevin R. Moore, MD and Bronwyn E. Hamilton, MD
116 Evolving Subdural Hematoma
Kevin R. Moore, MD
120 Cerebral Contusion
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
124 Diffuse Axonal Injury
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
128 Subcortical Injury
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
132 Abusive Head Trauma
Luke L. Linscott, MD

STROKE

136 Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage
Luke L. Linscott, MD
140 Hydranencephaly
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
142 White Matter Injury of Prematurity
Luke L. Linscott, MD
146 Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
Luke L. Linscott, MD
150 Childhood Stroke
Luke L. Linscott, MD
154 Sickle Cell Disease, Brain
Luke L. Linscott, MD
158 Moyamoya
Luke L. Linscott, MD

VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS

CVMS WITH AV SHUNTING

162 Arteriovenous Malformation
Luke L. Linscott, MD
166 Dural Arteriovenous Fistula
Luke L. Linscott, MD
170 Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation
Luke L. Linscott, MD

CVMS WITHOUT AV SHUNTING

174 Developmental Venous Anomaly
Luke L. Linscott, MD
180 Cavernous Malformation
Luke L. Linscott, MD
184 Capillary Telangiectasia
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
188 Sinus Pericranii
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR

NEOPLASMS

192 Pilocytic Astrocytoma
Luke L. Linscott, MD
196 Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
200 Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
204 Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma
Kevin R. Moore, MD and Karen L. Salzman, MD, FACR
208 Ganglioglioma
Luke L. Linscott, MD
212 DNET
Luke L. Linscott, MD
216 Desmoplastic Infantile Tumors
Luke L. Linscott, MD
220 Dysplastic Cerebellar Gangliocytoma
Luke L. Linscott, MD
224 Choroid Plexus Papilloma
Luke L. Linscott, MD
228 Choroid Plexus Carcinoma
Luke L. Linscott, MD
232 Infratentorial Ependymoma
Luke L. Linscott, MD
236 Supratentorial Ependymoma
Luke L. Linscott, MD
240 Medulloblastoma
Luke L. Linscott, MD
244 Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor
Luke L. Linscott, MD
248 Embryonal Tumor With Multilayered Rosettes
Luke L. Linscott, MD
252 Pineoblastoma
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
256 Pediatric-Type Diffuse High-Grade Gliomas
Luke L. Linscott, MD
260 Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma
Luke L. Linscott, MD
264 Brainstem Tumors
Luke L. Linscott, MD
268 Germinoma
Luke L. Linscott, MD
272 Teratoma
Luke L. Linscott, MD
276 Metastatic Neuroblastoma
Kevin R. Moore, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
280 Leukemia, Brain
Luke L. Linscott, MD
284 Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Skull and Brain
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR

NONNEOPLASTIC CYSTS AND TUMOR MIMICS

288 Arachnoid Cyst
Luke L. Linscott, MD
292 Dermoid Cyst, Brain
Luke L. Linscott, MD
296 Epidermoid Cyst, Brain
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
300 Neuroglial Cyst
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
302 Enlarged Perivascular Spaces
Luke L. Linscott, MD
306 Pineal Cyst
Luke L. Linscott, MD
310 Choroid Plexus Cyst
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
314 Ependymal Cyst
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
316 Porencephalic Cyst
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
320 Neurenteric Cyst, Brain
Kevin R. Moore, MD and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
322 Lipoma, Brain
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Luke L. Linscott, MD

INFECTIOUS DISEASE

CONGENITAL/NEONATAL INFECTIONS

326 Congenital CMV
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA
330 Congenital HIV
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR
332 Neonatal Herpes Encephalitis
Kevin R. Moore, MD and Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA
334 Parechovirus Encephalitis
Luke L. Linscott, MD
336 Group B Streptococcal Meningitis
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR
340 Citrobacter Meningitis
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR

ACQUIRED INFECTIONS

344 Abscess, Brain
Kevin R. Moore, MD, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and Karen L. Salzman, MD, FACR
348 Ventriculitis
Luke L. Linscott, MD, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and Karen L. Salzman, MD, FACR
350 Empyema
Kevin R. Moore, MD, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and Karen L. Salzman, MD, FACR
354 Herpes Encephalitis Type 1
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR
358 Miscellaneous Encephalitis
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR and Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA
362 Rasmussen Encephalitis
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR
366 Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis
Kevin R. Moore, MD
368 Tuberculosis
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR
372 Neurocysticercosis
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR
376 Miscellaneous Parasites
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR

INFLAMMATORY AND DEMYELINATING DISEASE

380 Approach to Pediatric Inflammatory and Demyelinating Diseases
Kevin R. Moore, MD
384 Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis, Brain
Kevin R. Moore, MD
388 ADEM, Brain
Kevin R. Moore, MD
392 Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease, Brain
Kevin R. Moore, MD

INHERITED METABOLIC/DEGENERATIVE DISORDERS

396 Approach to Normal Brain Development and Metabolic Disorders
Kevin R. Moore, MD

Normal Variants

402 Hypomyelination
Blaise V. Jones, MD
Mitochrondrial Disorders
406 MELAS
Kevin R. Moore, MD and Susan I. Blaser, MD, FRCPC
410 Mitochondrial Encephalopathies
Blaise V. Jones, MD

LYSOSOMAL DISORDERS

414 Mucopolysaccharidoses, Brain
Kevin R. Moore, MD
418 Gangliosidosis (GM2)
Kevin R. Moore, MD
422 Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
Kevin R. Moore, MD
426 Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy
Blaise V. Jones, MD

PEROXISOMAL DISORDERS

430 Zellweger Syndrome and Peroxisomal Biogenesis Disorders
Blaise V. Jones, MD
432 X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
Kevin R. Moore, MD, Susan I. Blaser, MD, FRCPC, and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR

ORGANIC AND AMINOACIDOPATHIES

436 Maple Syrup Urine Disease
Kevin R. Moore, MD and Susan I. Blaser, MD, FRCPC
440 Urea Cycle Disorders
Kevin R. Moore, MD
442 Glutaric Acidemia Type 1
Kevin R. Moore, MD and Susan I. Blaser, MD, FRCPC
446 Canavan Disease
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR
448 Alexander Disease
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR

MISCELLANEOUS

452 Megalencephaly With Leukoencephalopathy and Cysts
Kevin R. Moore, MD and Susan I. Blaser, MD, FRCPC
456 Vanishing White Matter
Kevin R. Moore, MD
460 X-Linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth
Kevin R. Moore, MD
462 PKAN
Kevin R. Moore, MD
466 Huntington Disease
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR
470 Wilson Disease
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR

ACQUIRED TOXIC/METABOLIC/DEGENERATIVE DISORDERS

474 Hypoglycemia
Kevin R. Moore, MD and Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA
478 Kernicterus
Kevin R. Moore, MD and Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA
480 Acute Hypertensive Encephalopathy, PRES
Luke L. Linscott, MD
484 Mesial Temporal Sclerosis
Kevin R. Moore, MD and Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA
488 Cerebellitis
Luke L. Linscott, MD and Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA

SECTION 2: ANATOMY-BASED DIAGNOSES

VENTRICLES AND CISTERNS

492 Approach to Ventricular Anatomy and Imaging Issues
Kevin R. Moore, MD
496 Cavum Septi Pellucidi
Kevin R. Moore, MD, Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA, and Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
497 Cavum Velum Interpositum
Kevin R. Moore, MD, Miral D....