Jonathan Rhodes, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics

Harvard Medical School

Senior Associate in Cardiology

Boston Children's Hospital

Boston, MA 02115

USA

Mark E. Alexander, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics

Harvard Medical School

Senior Associate in Cardiology

Boston, MA 02115

USA

Alexander R. Opotowsky, MD, MPH

Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School

Associate in Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital

Associate Physician, Brigham and Women's Hospital

Boston, MA 02115

Provides concrete examples of cardiopulmonary exercise test data and its interpretation

Focuses on congenital heart disease and other pediatric cardiovascular disorders

Explains the physiology and its relationship to the clinical picture

SECTION I: The Normal Cardiopulmonary Response to Exercise.- 1. Biochemistry of Exercise.- 2. Oxygen Delivery.- 3. Central Hemodynamics and Coronary Blood Flow During Exercise.- 4. CO2 Elimination (V¿CO2).- SECTION II: Conduct of the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test.- 5. Laboratory Setup, Equipment, and Protocols.- 6. Exercise Stress Echocardiography.- 7. Other Modalities.- 8. Supervision and Safety Precautions for Exercise Testing.- 9. Special Considerations for Children.- 10. Special Considerations for Adults with Congenital Heart Disease.- SECTION III: Interpretation of the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test.- 11. Peak Exercise Parameters.- 12. Parameters from Submaximal Exercise.- 13. Putting It All Together.- SECTION IV: Prototypical Lesions.- 14. Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot.- 15. Patients with a Fontan Circulation.- 16. Aortic Valve Disease.- 17. Coarctation of the Aorta.- 18. Systemic Right Ventricles with a Biventricular Circulation (L-Transposition and D-Transposition s/p Atrial Switch) .- 19. D-Transposition s/p Arterial Switch Operation.- 20. Ebstein's Anomaly.- 21. Pulmonary Vascular Disease.- 22. Exercise Testing in Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy.- 23. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.- 24. Coronary Anomalies.- 25. Metabolic Disorders.- 26. Exercise Testing After Pediatric Heart Transplantation.- 27. Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Training.- 28. Summary of Lesions.- SECTION V: Electrophysiologic Issues.- 29. Syncope, Orthostatic Intolerance, and Exertional Symptoms.- 30. Exercise Stress Testing: Diagnostic Utility in the Evaluation of Long QT Syndrome.- 31. Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome.- 32. Exercise Testing in the Management of Arrhythmias.- Section VI: Interesting/Instructive Cases.- 33. Patients with Physiologically Normal Hearts and Lungs.- 34. Patients with Unusual Congenital Heart Defects and/or Intracardiac Shunts.- 35. Patients with Significant Lung Disease.