This volume consists of selected papers by Gian-Carlo Rota, a rare mathematician who made major contributions to several areas of mathematics. Presented in Part I are his papers in analysis, written at the beginning of his career and having a continuing and pervasive influence today. Part II is devoted to his papers on convexity and probability theory, written towards the end of his career and containing many ideas that have yet to be fully developed. Comprehensive commentaries by experts in the field are included in every chapter. Accessible to both experts and beginners.

1. Differential Operators.- Reprinted papers.- Extension theory of differential operators I.- On the completeness of Sturm-Liouville expansions.- On the spectra of singular boundary value problems.- Articles.- Rota's work on differential operators.- Sturm-Liouville expansions.- 2. Theory of Linear Operators.- Reprinted papers.- Note on the invariant subspaces of linear operators.- On models for linear operators.- A note on the joint spectral radius.- Multiplicative extensions of positive linear operators.- Dilations of positive operators.- A method for the study of positive operators.- On the eigenvalues of positive operators.- Linear Operators. Part II. Spectral Theory.- Articles.- Invariant subspaces and models for linear operators.- Gian-Carlo Rota's work on positive operators.- The joint spectral radius.- 3. Reynolds Operators.- Reprinted papers.- On the representation of averaging operators.- Spectral theory of smoothing operators.- Endomorphismes de Reynolds et théorie ergodique.- Représentation des opérateurs de Reynolds.- Une généralisation de l'espérance mathématique conditionnelle qui se présente dans la théorie statistique de la turbulence.- On Reynolds operators in finite-dimensional algebras.- On the passage from the Navier-Stokes equations to the Reynolds equations.- Reynolds Operators.- Article.- Reynolds and averaging operators.- 4. Ergodic Theory.- Reprinted papers.- Une théorie unifiée des martingales et des moyennes ergodiques.- An "alternierende Verfahren" for general positive operators.- On the classification of periodic flows.- On the maximal ergodic theorem for Abel-limits.- A limit theorem for the time-dependent evolution equation.- Frobenius reciprocity in ergodic theory.- Articles.- Arlan Ramsay, Frobenius reciprocity.- Aunified theory for ergodic and martingale theorems.- Abel ergodic theory.- An "alternierende Verfahren" I.- An "alternierende Verfahren" II.- 5. Inequalities.- Reprinted paper.- On the inequality $${\left\| {f'} \right\|^2} \leqslant 4\left\| f \right\|.\left\| {f''} \right\|$$.- Article.- The Kallman-Rota inequality; a survey.- 6. Geometric Probability and Profinite Combinatorics.- Reprinted papers.- Totally invariant set functions of polynomial type.- A continuous analogue of Sperner's theorem.- A stochastic interpretation of the Riemann zeta function.- An example of profinite combinatorics.- Article.- Continuous and profinite combinatorics.- 7. Probability Theory.- Reprinted papers.- A measure theoretic approach to logical quantification.- Stochastic integrals: a combinatorial approach.- Probability set functions.- On the combinatorics of cumulants.- Articles.- Rota's foundations of probability theory.- Cumulants and probability set functions.