Introduction Jack Friedman and Timothy Samuel Shah; 1. Are human beings naturally religious? Christian Smith; 2. Are human beings naturally religious? A response to Christian Smith Phil Zuckerman; 3. On the naturalness of religion and religious freedom Justin L. Barrett; 4. Sacred versus secular values: cognitive and evolutionary sciences of religion and their implications for religious freedom Richard Sosis and Jordan Kiper; 5. Theism, naturalism and rationality Alvin Plantinga; 6. Alvin Plantinga on theism, naturalism and rationality Ernest Sosa; 7. Research on religion and health: time to be born again? Linda K. George; 8. Religion, health and happiness: an epidemiologist's perspective Jeff Levin; 9. Why there is a natural right to religious freedom Nicholas Wolterstorff; 10. Religious liberty, human dignity, and human goods Christopher Tollefsen; 11. Human rights, public reason, and American democracy: a response to Nicholas Wolterstorff Stephen Macedo.