Part I. Definition, Conceptualization, and Measurement Alternatives: 1. Identity as a variable Rawi Abdelal, Yoshiko M. Herrera, Alastair Iain Johnston, and Rose McDermott; 2. Conceptualizing and measuring ethnic identity Henry E. Brady and Cynthia S. Kaplan; 3. Tradeoffs in measuring identities: a comparison of five approaches Donald A. Sylvan and Amanda K. Metskas; Part II. Survey Methods: 4. Between social theory and social science practice: towards a new approach to the survey measurement of 'race' Taeku Lee; 5. Balancing national and ethnic identities: the psychology of e pluribus unum Jack Citrin and David O. Sears; 6. Black and blue: black identity and black solidarity in an era of conservative triumph Michael Dawson; Part III. Content Analysis and Cognitive Mapping: 7. Quantitative content analysis and the measurement of collective identity Kimberly Neuendorf and Paul D. Skalski; 8. The content and intersection of identity in Iraq Robalyn Stone and Michael Young; 9. A constructivist dataset on ethnicity and institutions Kanchan Chandra; Part IV. Discourse Analysis and Ethnography: 10. Identity relations and the Sino-Soviet split Ted Hopf; 11. Techniques for measuring identity in ethnographic research Laura Adams; Part V. Experiments: 12. Psychological approaches to identity: experimentation and application Rose McDermott.