Introduction: the canonical imperative: rethinking the scientific revolution Margaret J. Osler; Part I. The Canon in Question: 1. Newton as final cause and first mover Betty Jo Teeter Dobbs; 2. The scientific revolution reasserted; Part II. Canonical Disciplines Reformed: 3. The role of religion in the Lutheran response to Copernicus Peter Barker; 4. Catholic natural philosophy: alchemy and the revivication of Sir Kenelm Digby Bruce Janacek; 5. Vital spirits: redemption, artisanship, and the new philosophy of Early Modern Europe Pamela Smith; 6. 'The terriblest eclipse that hath been seen in our days': Black Monday and the debate on astrology during the Interregnum William E. Burns; 7. Arguing about nothing: Henry More and Robert Boyle on the theological implications of the void Jane E. Jenkins; Part III. Canonical Figures Reconsidered: 8. Pursuing knowledge: Robert Boyle and Isaac Newton Lawrence M. Principe; 9. The alchemies of Robert Boyle and Isaac Newton: alternative approaches and divergent deployments; 10. The Janus faces of science in the seventeenth century: Athanasius Kircher and Isaac Newton; 11. The nature of Newton's 'holy alliance' between science and religion: from the scientific revolution to Newton (and back again); 12. Newton and Spinoza and the Bible scholarship of the day Richard H. Popkin; 13. The fate of the date: the theology of Newton's Principia revisited; Part IV. The Canon Reconstructed: 14. The truth of Newton's science and the truth of science's history: heroic science at its eighteenth-century formulation.