1. Introduction Stephen J. Macekura and Erez Manela; Part I. Origins of Development as a Global Practice: 2. Wealth and nations: the origins of international development assistance Amanda Kay McVety; 3. The 'development' of humanitarian relief: US disaster assistance operations in the Caribbean Basin, 1917-1931 Julia F. Irwin; 4. Imperial and transnational developmentalisms: Middle Eastern interplays, 1880s-1960s Cyrus Schayegh; 5. Smallpox and the globalization of development Erez Manela; Part II. Development in a Decolonizing World: Between Local and Global: 6. New frontiers: World War II technologies and the opening of tropical environments to development Thomas Robertson; 7. A currency for Sudan: the Sudanese national economy and post-colonial development Alden Young; 8. Development, space, and counterinsurgency in South Vietnam's B¿n Tre Province, 1954-1960 Edward Miller; 9. Decolonization and the gendered politics of developmental labor in Southeastern Africa Priya Lal; Part III. International Development in Cold War Politics: 10. De-Stalinising growth: decolonization and the development of development economics in the Soviet Union Alessandro Iandolo; 11. Graveyard of development? Afghanistan's Cold War encounters with international development and humanitarianism Timothy Nunan; 12. Postwar European development aid: defined by decolonization, the Cold War, and European integration? Corinna R. Unger; Part IV. Development and International Society: 13. 'Mexico has the theories': Latin America and the interwar origins of development Christy Thornton; 14. Nasser, Hammarskjöld, and Middle East development in different scales of space and time Nathan J. Citino; 15. Creating 'the NGO international': the rise of advocacy for alternative development, 1974-1994 Paul Adler; 16. Epilogue: development dreams Jeremy Adelman.