Preface; List of abbreviations; 1. Needs and justice in the Wealth of Nations: an introductory essay Istvan Hont and Michael Ignatieff; 2. Where had the Scottish economy got to by the third quarter of the eighteenth century? T. C. Smout; 3. Gershom Carmichael and the natural jurisprudence tradition in eighteenth-century Scotland James Moore and Michael Silverthorne; 4. The Scottish professoriate and the polite academy, 1720-46 Peter Jones; 5. From applied theology to social analysis: the break between John Locke and the Scottish Enlightenment John Dunn; 6. The Scottish Enlightenment at the limits of the civic tradition John Robertson; 7. Adam Smith as civic moralist Nicholas Phillipson; 8. The legal needs of a commercial society: the jurisprudence of Lord Kames David Lieberman; 9. Cambridge paradigms and Scotch philosophers: a study of the relations between the civic humanist and the civil jurisprudential interpretation of eighteenth-century social thought J. G. A. Pocock; 10. Adam Smith's 'enduring particular result': a political and cosmopolitan perspective Donald Winch; 11. The 'rich country-poor country' debate in Scottish classical political economy Istvan Hont; 12. John Millar and individualism Michael Ignatieff; 13. Scottish echoes in eighteenth-century Italy Franco Venturi; Index.