CONTENTS

Unit 1: The Number System 1
1. Types of Numbers and the Number Line 2
2. Positive and Negative Numbers 11
3. Absolute Value 19
4. Factors and Greatest Common Factor 25
5. Multiples and Least Common Multiple 33
6. Fraction Basics: Types of Fractions, and Adding and Subtracting Fractions 39
7. Multiplying and Dividing Fractions 49
8. Adding and Subtracting Decimals 55
9. Multiplying 57
10. Dividing Decimals 61
11. Adding Positive and Negative Numbers 65
12. Subtracting Positive and Negative Numbers 71
13. Multiplying and Dividing Positive and Negative Numbers 75
14. Inequalities 79

Unit 2: RATIOS, PROPORTIONS, and PERCENTS 85
15. Ratios 86
16. Unit Rate and Unit Price 91
17. Proportions 95
18. Converting Measurements 103
19. Percent 111
20. Percent Word Problems 117
21. Taxes and Fees 123
22. Discounts and Markups 131
23. Gratuity and Commission 143
24. Simple Interest 147
25. Percent Rate of Change 155
26. Tables and Ratios 159

Unit 3: EXPRESSIONS and EQUATIONS 165
27. Expressions 166
28. Properties 173
29. Like Terms 183
30. Exponents 189
31. Order of Operations 197
32. Scientific Notation 203
33. Square and Cube Roots 209
34. Comparing Irrational Numbers 215
35. Equations 219
36. Solving for Variables 225
37. Solving Multistep Equations 231
38. Solving and Graphing Inequalities 237
39. Word Problems with Equations and Inequalities 243

Unit 4: GEOMETRY 251
40. Introduction to Geometry 252
41. Angles 267
42. Quadrilaterals and Area 277
43. Triangles and Area 287
44. The Pythagorean Theorem 295
45. Circles, Circumference, and Area 301
46. Three-Dimensional Figures 309
47. Volume 318
48. Surface Area 327
49. Angles, Triangles, and Transversal Lines 337
50. Similar Figures and Scale Drawings 345

Unit 5: STATISTICS and PROBABILITY 355
51. Introduction to Statistics 356
52. Measures of Central Tendency and Variation 365
53. Displaying Data 375
54. Probability 395

UNIT 6: The COORDINATE PLANE and FUNCTIONS 405
55. The Coordinate Plane 406
56. Relations, Lines, and Functions 417
57. Slope 431
58. Linear Equations and Functions 446
59. Simultaneous Linear Equations and Functions 456
60. Nonlinear Functions 468
61. Polygons and the Coordinate Plane 480
62. Transformations 487
63. Proportional Relationships and Graphs 508