James Bennett-Levy is Associate Professor in Mental Health at Sydney University's Department of Rural Health (Northern Rivers) in northern New South Wales, Australia. As soon as he was appointed to the position, he saw the potential of low intensity CBT interventions for rural and remote communities, where access to evidence-based psychological therapies tends to be very poor. Recognising the absence of a useful low intensity CBT textbook to guide practitioners and decision makers, he initiated and co-ordinated the Oxford Guide to Low Intensity CBT Interventions. In his research work, he is one of the world's leading leading researchers on CBT training with a series of empirical and theoretical papers.

David Kavanagh holds a Research Chair in the Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation and School of Psychology & Counselling at Queensland University of Technology in Brisbane. Much of his research has been on brief or low-intensity interventions, and improvement of mental health service delivery via training and supervision. His research has included evaluations of remotely delivered treatment by mail, and more recently using the internet and text messaging. Professor Kavanagh has an extensive record of research funding and publications, and his work is widely cited. He is currently on the Academy of the National Health and Medical Research Council, and the Science, Academia and Research Advisory Group of the Australian Psychological Society. He is co-chair of the Queensland Health Collaborative on Alcohol and Other Drugs and Mental Health, and serves on state and Commonwealth consultative committees on services for mental disorders and substance misuse.

Mark Lau is a Research Scientist and Director, BC Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Network with BC Mental Health and Addiction Services, an agency of the Provincial Health Services Authority where he is co-ordinating a series of projects to disseminate CBT across the province of BC. He is also a Clinical Associate Professor of Psychiatry at UBC and a Founding Fellow of the Academy of Cognitive Therapy. Dr. Lau's research interests include evaluating effective methods of CBT dissemination, investigating the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), and the further development and validation of the Toronto Mindfulness Scale. In addition, Dr. Lau has led workshops in Cognitive Behaviour Therapy and MBCT across Canada, in the United States, United Kingdom and Australia.

David A Richards is Professor of Mental Health Services Research at Exeter University's Mood Disorders Centre in the UK. Throughout his career, he has tirelessly campaigned to improve access to evidence-based therapies such as CBT. He has been involved in the UK's Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme from its inception in 2005 and developed the low-intensity CBT methods used by IAPT on behalf of the UK Department of Health. As such he can be credited with personally establishing a completely new profession of low-intensity CBT workers in the UK, now known as Psychological Wellbeing Practitioners. In his spare time he runs a multi-centre research team funded by the Medical Research Council and the National Institute for Health Research which develops and tests new models of delivering treatment in clinical trials - including stepped care, guided self-help and collaborative care.

Lee Ritterband is an Associate Professor at the University of Virginia Health System Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences and Director of the Behavioral Health and Technology program area. With degrees in clinical psychology and computer science/technology, Dr. Ritterband specializes in the development and testing of behaviorally-based treatment programs delivered via the Web. Over the past decade, Dr. Ritterband has established himself as one of the leading researchers in Internet health interventions. He has been a Principal or Co-Investigator on many large research projects funded by the National Institutes of Health. In 2003, Dr. Ritterband was honored with the award, Best eHealth Research Paper of the Year, sponsored by the Health e-Technologies Initiative, National Program Office of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation for eHealth.

Chris Williams is Professor of Psychosocial Psychiatry at the University of Glasgow, UK. He became interested in low intensity working in the mid-1990's when he completed a postgraduate CBT course, but found he struggled to offer one hour CBT appointments in his everyday work. He sees low intensity working as bringing together two themes he is particularly interested in - CBT and education/teaching - and views CBT as a self-help form of psychotherapy.
He researches CBT self-help in psychiatric and community settings and has developed a range of book-based, DVD, class-based and computer-delivered self-help resources including the free access [...] website which receives around 2 million hits a month. His work developing the five areas model of CBT is focused on making CBT accessible to practitioners and the general public alike. Together his CBT self-help books are amongst the most used in the UK. He is Patron of the charities Anxiety UK and Triumph over Phobia.

Jim White is a consultant clinical psychologist and currently leads the STEPS primary care mental health team in south-east Glasgow. He has mainly worked in primary care settings and has a reputation for innovation in his approach to common mental health problems. In particular, he is interested in getting to much larger numbers of people a lot sooner, empowering them to make real choices about how they want to tackle their problems and to work with them in ensuring they are able to act on their choices. The STEPS approach is possibly one of the most radical approaches in primary care mental health in Britain. We are a Scottish Executive Exemplar Project.

STEPS offers a 6 level stepped-care approach:
§ Individual therapy
§ Group work
§ Single contacts
§ Non-face-to-face interventions
§ Working with others
§ Awareness raising / community involvement / early intervention and prevention

Britt Klein is the Co-Director of the National eTherapy Centre; the Co-Director of the Swin-PsyCHE e-Therapy Unit; and an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Life and Social Sciences at Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia. Since 1998 she has been developing and evaluating internet-based mental and physical health interventions as a means to increase access to health services by utilising low intensity CBT intervention modalities. Her biggest achievement to date is the co-creation of Anxiety Online ([...] a full service education and training, online psychological assessment and treatment clinic for the anxiety disorders open to the general public. She has been awarded numerous grants to develop and evaluate internet-based wellbeing, prevention and treatment programs, has published widely, teaches and supervises students in the field of internet interventions and she is the Co-Editor of the e-Journal of Applied Psychology.

• Foreword


• Section 1 Low Intensity CBT Models and Conceptual Underpinnings
  


• Overview


• 1: 1. James Bennett-Levy, Dave Richards and Paul Farrand: Low Intensity CBT Interventions: A Revolution in Mental Health Services


• 2: Dave Richards: Access and Organisation: Putting Low Intensity Interventions to Work in Clinical Services


• 3: Jim White: The STEPS Model: a High Volume, Multi-level, Multi-purpose approach to address Common Mental Health Problems


• 4: Helen Christensen: Increasing Access and Effectiveness: Using the Internet to deliver Low Intensity Cognitive Behaviour Therapy


• 5: Chris Williams and Jill Morrison
  : A New Language for CBT: New ways of Working Require New Thinking as well as New Words


• Section 2A: Introducing and Supporting Guided CBT
  


• Overview


• 6: Paul Farrand and Chris Williams: Low Intensity CBT Assessment: In Person or by Phone


• 7: Judy Proudfoot and Jennifer Nicholas: Monitoring and Evaluation in Low Intensity CBT Interventions


• 8: Mark Kenwright: Introducing and Supporting Written and Internet-Based Guided CBT


• 9: Rebecca Martinez and Chris Williams: Matching clients to CBT self-help resources


• 10: Dave Richards: Collaborative Care: The Effective Organization of Treatment for Depression


• 11: Dave Richards
  : Supervising low intensity workers


• Section 2B Key Low Intensity CBT Interventions in Depression and Anxiety
  


• Overview


• 12: Dave Richards: Behavioural Activation for Depression


• 13: Laurence Mynors-Wallis and Mark Lau: Problem Solving Therapy for Depression


• 14: Adrian Taylor: Increasing Physical activity as a Low Intensity Treatment for Depression


• 15: Nick Titov, Gavin Andrews and Peter McEvoy: Key Components of Low Intensity Interventions for Anxiety


• 16: Leanne Hides, Steve Carroll, Dan I Lubman and Amanda Baker: Brief Motivational Interviewing for Depression and Anxiety


• 17: Norah Vincent and Maxine Holmqvist
  : Low Intensity Interventions for Chronic Insomnia


• Section 2C: Guided CBT Interventions using Written Materials


• Overview


• 18: Dave Richards and Paul Farrand: Choosing self-help books wisely: Sorting the wheat from the chaff


• 19: Paul Farrand and Joanne Woodford: Using Guided Self-Help Book Prescription Schemes


• 20: Marie Chellingsworth, Chris Williams, Ann McCreath, Paul Tanto and Kirsten Thomlinson
  : Delivering book based CBT Self-Help Classes in health service, further education and voluntary sector services


• Section 2D: Guided CBT Interventions using the Internet
  


• Overview


• 21: Kate Cavanagh: Turn On, Tune In and (Don't) Drop Out: Engagement, Adherence, Attrition and Alliance with Internet-based CBT Interventions


• 22: Lee Ritterband, Frances Thorndike, Drew Saylor and Desi Vásquez: Treatment Credibility and Satisfaction with Internet Interventions


• 23: Tara Donker, Annemieke Van Straten and Pim Cuijpers: Internet-based Mental Health Screening


• 24: Lisa Whitehead and Judy Proudfoot: Standards and Operating Guidelines for Internet Interventions


• 25: Proudfoot, Andersson, Carlbring, Klein, Kyrios, Lauder, Munro, Palermo, Riper, Blankers
  : Guided CBT Internet Interventions: Specific Issues in Supporting Clients with Depression, Anxiety and Co-Morbid Conditions


• Section 2E Novel Uses of Communication Technologies: Supporting Low Intensity CBT in New Environments
  


• Overview


• 26: Gerhard Andersson and Per Carlbring: Using different communication channels to support internet interventions


• 27: Karina Lovell: Supporting Low Intensity Interventions using the Telephone


• 28: Jennifer Shapiro and Stephanie Bauer: Use of Short-Messaging Service (SMS) To Enhance Low Intensity CBT


• 29: Nick Titov: Email in Low Intensity CBT Interventions


• 30: Kathy Griffiths and Julia Reynolds: Online Mutual Support Bulletin Boards


• 31: David Kavanagh, Jennifer Connolly, Amy Kelly, Angela White and Jan Parry
  : Low Intensity Cognitive Behavioural Therapies by Mail (M-CBT)


• Section 2F Stepping Further Outside the Box: Extending the Environments for Low Intensity CBT
  


• Overview


• 32: Jim White: Large group didactic CBT classes for common mental health problems


• 33: Ingrid Sochting, Christopher Wilson and Theo DeGagne: Cognitive Behaviour Group Therapy (CBGT): Capitalizing on efficiency and humanity


• 34: Tim Carey: Will you follow while they lead? Introducing a patient-led approach to low intensity CBT interventions


• 35: Jim White: The Advice Clinic or What I did in my thirty minutes


• 36: Lee David: Low intensity CBT Interventions by General Practitioners


• 37: Frank Deane and David Kavanagh
  : Adapting low intensity CBT for clients with severe mental disorder


• Section 2G: Going Upstream: Using Low Intensity CBT Interventions to Prevent Mental Health Problems
  


• Overview


• 38: Pim Cuijpers: Group CBT for prevention of depression in adults


• 39: Tahlee Marian and Justin Kenardy: Internet-delivered prevention for anxiety and depression disorders in adults


• 40: Greg Clarke: Low intensity targeted group prevention of depression in adolescents and children


• 41: Alison Calear, Helen Christensen, Kathy Griffiths: Internet-based anxiety and depression prevention programs for children and adolescents


• 42: Matthew Sanders and James Kirby: Parental programs for preventing behavioural and emotional problems in children


• 43: Mark Lau
  : Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy: a low intensity group program to prevent depressive relapse


• Section 3 Training Low Intensity CBT Practitioners
  


• Overview


• 44: Dave Richards: Training low intensity workers


• 45: Dave Ekers: Training Depression Care Managers


• 46: Sharon Lawn, Ann Smith, Kelly Hunter, Jim Smith, Nicki Hurst, Michael Nanai, and Kylie Neate: Training Peers to Provide Low Intensity CBT Support: The Value of Personal Experience


• 47: Chris Williams, Catriona Kent and Anne Joice: Training the Wider Workforce in the Use of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Written Self-help Resources


• 48: Dan Bilsker and Elliot Goldner: Training GPs to prescribe depression self-management


• 49: David Austin, Britt Klein, Kerrie Shandley and Lisa Ciechomski: Training Clinicians Online to be Etherapists: The 'Anxiety Online' model


• 50: Jillian Telford and Rea Wilson
  : From Classroom to 'Shop Floor': Challenges Faced As A Low Intensity Practitioner


• Section 4A: Facilitating the Uptake of Low Intensity CBT Interventions: Changing Systems and Routine Practice
  


• Overview


• 51: James Seward, Michael Clark: Establishing the Improved Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) Program: Lessons from large-scale change in England


• 52: Alex McMahon: Implementing Low Intensity Interventions: What Governments want and why


• 53: Gehard Andersson, Per Carlbring, Viktor Kaldo, Pim Cuijpers: Challenges and Potential Solutions in Integrating Internet-based CBT Interventions into Specialist Services


• 54: Matthew Sanders and Majella Murphy Brennan: Achieving widespread dissemination of low intensity evidence-based practices: The experience of the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program


• 55: Michael Smith: Practical Service Redesign: Helping GPs to Enhance Depression Care


• 56: David Kavanagh and Frank Deane: Implementing low-intensity CBT (LI CBT) in case management of clients with severe mental illness


• 57: Kevin Khayat
  : Effective Partnerships with Community Groups


• Section 4B: Facilitating the Uptake of Low Intensity CBT Interventions: Adapting Interventions to Different Community Contexts
  


• Overview


• 58: Jim White: Bringing the public on board: Health promotion and social marketing in deprived communities


• 59: Nicole Highet, Clare Shann and Leonie Young: Enhancing Community Awareness of Depression and Access to Treatment: Experiences with beyondblue


• 60: Mark Lau: Problems and Potentials in Rolling out Low Intensity CBT in Rural Communities


• 61: Judy Leibowitz: Improving Access to Low intensity Interventions for Ethnic Minority Communities


• 62: Arlene Laliberte, Tricia Nagel, and Melissa Haswell-Elkins: Low intensity CBT with Indigenous consumers: Creative solutions for culturally appropriate mental health care